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Labor laws typically deal with employer-union relationships. Employment laws typically deal with employer-employee relationships. But the terms are often used interchangeably.
Employment law is a broad area encompassing all areas of the employer/employee relationship except the negotiation process covered by labor law and collective bargaining. Employment law consists of thousands of Federal and state statutes, administrative regulations, and judicial decisions.
Labor/Employment lawyers can work for the management side or the labor side. Management side labor lawyers will advise their clients (employers) on employment law such as working conditions, wrongful dismissal etc. A labor-side employment/labor lawyer could work with individuals or unions advising members how to pursue various claims (such as pursuing workers compensation, human rights or labor code violations, or wrongful dismissal suits). Employment lawyers or Employment law attorneys represent workers in legal disputes and litigation related to most aspects of employment -- including discrimination, fair pay, wrongful termination, unfair labor practices, employee benefits, Family and Medical Leave rights, and workplace safety. There are many labor and employment law firms all over the world.
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